The President of India is the head of the state, the supreme commander of the defence forces and the first citizen of the country. He or she acts on the advice of the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers. The President of India has many hidden powers that we do not know about. Today I am defining the same power. Read and Share this article and yes comment let me know in the comment if it was helpful for you. Hello, I am vinay, Let's teach something new.
The President is elected by an Electoral Collegiate comprising the elected members of the two house of Parliament ( Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha ), members of legislatures of all states and union territories ( Vidhan Sabhas). He or she serves for a term of five years. Incumbent presidents are permitted to stand for re-election. A formula is used to allocate votes so that there is a balance between the population of each state and the number of votes assembly members from a state can cast, and to give an equal balance between state assembly members and national parliament members. If no candidate receives a majority of votes, then there is a system by which losing candidates are eliminated from the contest and their votes are transferred to other candidates, until one gains a majority. The Vice-President is elected by a direct vote of all members ( only elected ) of the Rajya Sabha.
Legislative Powers
Emergency Powers
The President can declare three types of emergencies: National, State and Financial.
National Emergency is cause by war, external aggression or armed rebellion in the country. Such an emergency was declared in India in 1962, 1971 and from 1975 to 1977. Under Article 352 of the Indian Constitution, the President can declare such an emergency following a written request by the Cabinet Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
State Emergency , also known as President's rule, is declared due to breakdown of the constitutional machinery in a state. Under Article 356 of the Indian Constitution, it can be imposed from six months to a maximum period of three years with repeated parliamentary approval every six months.
If the President is satisfied that there is an economic situation in which the financial stability or credit of India is threatened , he or she can then proclaim a financial emergency, as per the Article 360. It has never been declared.
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- Summons both the Houses of the Parliament and prorogues them.
- Can dissolve the Lok Sabha according to the advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
- Inaugurates the Parliament by addressing it after the general elections and also at the beginning of the first session each year .
- Gives assent to a bill passed by Parliament without which it would not become a law.
- Can promulgate ordinances which have the same force and effect as laws passed by the Parliament.
- Appoints the Prime Minster, who has the support of the majority in the Lok Sabha.
- Appoints the other members of the Council of Ministers, Distributing Portfolios to them on the advice of the Prime Minister.
- Appoints Governors of States, the Chief justice of India, other judges of the Supreme Court and High Court of India, the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners, Ambassadors and High Commissioners to other countries, etc.
- Gives his or her assent for all money bills.
- Grants approval for the presentation of the Annual Budget and Supplementary Budget before Parliament.
- Appoints a finance commission every five years.
- Appoints the Chief Justice of the Union Judiciary and other judges on the advice of the Chief Justice.
- Can ask for the advisory opinion of the Supreme Court on any important matter of public importance.
- Can grant a pardon to or reduce the sentence of a convicted person for one time, particularly in case involving punishment of death.
- Can declare war or conclude peace with other countries.
- Negotiates all international treaties and agreements through diplomatic delegations.
- The President is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces.
- The President can declare war or conclude peace, on the advice of the Union Council of Minister Headed by the prime Minister. All important treaties and contracts are made in the President's name.
The President can declare three types of emergencies: National, State and Financial.
National Emergency is cause by war, external aggression or armed rebellion in the country. Such an emergency was declared in India in 1962, 1971 and from 1975 to 1977. Under Article 352 of the Indian Constitution, the President can declare such an emergency following a written request by the Cabinet Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
State Emergency , also known as President's rule, is declared due to breakdown of the constitutional machinery in a state. Under Article 356 of the Indian Constitution, it can be imposed from six months to a maximum period of three years with repeated parliamentary approval every six months.
If the President is satisfied that there is an economic situation in which the financial stability or credit of India is threatened , he or she can then proclaim a financial emergency, as per the Article 360. It has never been declared.
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